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Green Tea in Skin Care

By Dr. Leslie Baumann on July 12, 2022

Green tea is a powerful antioxidant ingredient used to treat skin aging, acne, rosacea, eczema, psoriasis, and sensitive skin. Its anti-inflammatory properties make it one of the best ingredients to treat skin inflammation in sensitive skin types and to treat hyperpigmentation. I can be used in skincare regimens designed to lighten skin and in rosacea treatment creams.


Green tea has many benefits due to its antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-acne, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, skin lightening, and photoprotective properties. [1] [2]


It is recommended for all 16 Baumann Skin Types.

green tea in skin care

Benefits

Cancer protection

Green tea may help protect skin from skin cancer.  Experiments conducted in the 1990s using mouse skin tumor bioassay systems revealed that when green tea polyphenols (GTPs) were applied topically, they protected the skin from various factors that could induce or promote skin cancer, such as 3-methylcholanthrene, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), benzoyl peroxide, and 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide.

GTPs were found to have the ability to neutralize a wide range of harmful free radicals, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals, and lipid-derived radicals.

EGCG also reduces the immunosuppression caused by UV exposure by limiting the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and increasing the production of interleukin-12 (IL-12), which are important cytokines involved in the immune response.

EGCG appears to enhance the production of enzymes that repair DNA damage caused by UV radiation.

does green tea help prevent cancer?

Aging Prevention

Green tea may help prevent skin aging by blocking the causes of skin aging such as inflammation and free radicals. 

In mouse studies, EGCG was shown to downregulate the expression of AP-1 and NF-κB, both involved in cellular signaling, while inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which can degrade collagen and lead to photodamage. (32)

In a study involving hairless mice exposed to UVB radiation, drinking water supplemented with GTPs suppressed protein oxidation in the skin, both in vivo (in the living organism) and in vitro (in cultured human skin cells). (1)

Oral administration of GTPs in hairless mice was also found to inhibit the expression of MMPs in the skin after UVB exposure, indicating potential anti-aging properties of GTPs. (1)

Green Tea Comes from Plants

Green tea comes from an evergreen tree Camellia sinensis that is in the Theaceae family. It is a natural product that can also be organic if no pesticides are used when cultivating it.


Chemistry of Green Tea in Skin Care Products:

Safety Issues and Clean Ingredient Standards for Green Tea

Green tea and green tea extracts are categorized as “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS). It is a natural and clean ingredient.  It may be organic if grown without pesticides.


Green tea is rated 1-2 by the EWG.

Allergy to Green Tea

Green tea can rarely cause a skin allergy.

It is often found on lists of allergenic skin care ingredients.

This is uncommon and I have never seen it but cases have been reported. The person who develops an allergy to green tea usually also has a black tea allergy.

Environmental Impact of Green Tea in Skin Care

Cultivating green tea does not harm the environment. The sustainability of tea plantations may be threatened by global climate change. (1)

considerations on the formulation of green tea products in skin care

Product Formulation Considerations

EGCG is the component of green tea that should be used in formulations because it has the most antioxidant activity. However, EGCG is also the most expensive form of green tea in cosmetics and is challenging to formulate because it is unstable. 


It is water soluble and relatively easy to combine with other ingredients because it does not easily react with other ingredients and seems to facilitate or support their stability.


When a large amount of green tea is put in a skincare product, it may look turn brown. (In this case- brown is good because it means there is enough green tea in the product.)

Skin Care Routine Design Considerations

The hydrophilic nature of EGCG limits penetration into human skin. Green tea should be used with ingredients that increase skin penetration when possible such as hyaluronic acid and oleic acid. When designing a skin care routine, care should be taken to design the order of steps in the routine to increase absorption of green tea.

Find the best skin care products with Green Tea here

Chemical components

Green tea is a polyphenol in the flavonoid category of flavanals known as catachins.

The four major polyphenolic catechins found in green tea include: 

ECG [(-)EpiCatechin-3-O-Gallate]

GCG [(-)GalloCatechin-3-O-Gallate]

EGC [(-)EpiGalloCatechin]

EGCG [(-)EpiGalloCatechin-3-O-Gallate]

 

Green tea polyphenols (GTPs)  are antioxidants and also affect Ras and activator protein (AP)-1, which are part of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.

Dr Leslie Baumann Dermatologist

Dr Leslie Baumann MD

Dermatologist, Author, and Researcher


Author of:

The Skin Type Solution (Bantam Dell 2006)

Baumann's Cosmetic Dermatology (McGraw Hill 2002, 2009, 2022)

Cosmeceuticals and Cosmetic ingredients (McGraw Hill 2015)


increase your skin care knowledge

Best Scientific Publications and References on Green Tea in Skin care:

  1. Baumann L. Ch. 47 in Cosmeceuticals and Cosmetic Ingredients (McGraw Hill 2015)
  2. Baumann L. Ch. 39 Antioxidants in Baumann’s Cosmetic Dermatology 3rd Ed. (McGraw Hill 2022)
  3. Sharma A, Gupta S, Sarethy IP, et al. Green tea extract: possible mechanism and antibacterial activity on skin pathogens. Food Chem. 135:672, 2012.
  4. Oyetakin White P, Tribout H, Baron E. Protective mechanisms of green tea polyphenols in skin. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2012:560682, 2012.
  5. Weisburger JH. Tea and health: a historical perspective. Cancer Lett. 114:315, 1997.
  6. Hsu S. Green tea and the skin. J Am Acad Dermatol. 52:1049, 2005.
  7. Katiyar SK, Ahmad N, Mukhtar H. Green tea and skin. Arch Dermatol. 136:989, 2000.
  8. Katiyar SK, Elmets CA, Agarwal R, et al. Protection against UVB radiation-induced local and systemic suppression of contact hypersensitivity and edema responses in C3H/HeN mice by green tea polyphenols. Photochem Photobiol. 62:855, 1995.
  9. Thornfeldt C. Cosmeceuticals containing herbs: fact, fiction, and future. Dermatol Surg. 31:873, 2005.
  10. Reuter J, Merfort I, Schempp CM. Botanicals in dermatology: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin Dermatol. 11:247, 2010.
  11. Wright TI, Spencer JM, Flowers FP. Chemoprevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol. 54:933, 2006.
  12. Cooper R, Morré DJ, Morré DM. Medicinal benefits of green tea: Part I. Review of noncancer health benefits. J Altern Complement Med. 11:521, 2005.
  13. Bickers DR, Athar M. Novel approaches to chemoprevention of skin cancer. J Dermatol. 27:691, 2000.
  14. Suzuki Y, Miyoshi N, Isemura M. Health-promoting effects of green tea. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 88:88, 2012.
  15. Katiyar SK, Mohan RR, Agarwal R, et al. Protection against induction of mouse skin papillomas with low and high risk of conversion to malignancy by green tea polyphenols. Carcinogenesis. 18:497, 1997.
  16. Katiyar SK, Rupp CO, Korman NJ, et al. Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and other skin tumor-promoter-caused induction of epidermal interleukin-1 alpha mRNA and protein expression in SENCAR mice by green tea polyphenols. J Invest Dermatol. 105:394, 1995.
  17. Mukhtar H, Katiyar SK, Agarwal R. Green tea and skin—anticarcinogenic effects. J Invest Dermatol. 102:3, 1994.
  18. Katiyar SK, Agarwal R, Mukhtar H. Inhibition of both stage I and stage II skin tumor promotion in SENCAR mice by a polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea: inhibition depends on the duration of polyphenol treatment. Carcinogenesis. 14:2641, 1993.
  19. Katiyar SK, Agarwal R, Mukhtar H. Protection against malignant conversion of chemically induced benign skin papillomas to squamous cell carcinomas in SENCAR mice by a polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea. Cancer Res. 53:5409, 1993.
  20. Katiyar SK, Agarwal R, Ekker S, et al. Protection against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-caused inflammation in SENCAR mouse ear skin by polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea. Carcinogenesis. 14:361, 1993.
  21. Katiyar SK, Agarwal R, Wood GS, et al. Inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-caused tumor promotion in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-initiated SENCAR mouse skin by a polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea. Cancer Res. 52:6890, 1992.
  22. Agarwal R, Katiyar SK, Zaidi SI, et al. Inhibition of skin tumor promoter-caused induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase in SENCAR mice by polyphenolic fraction isolated from green tea and its individual epicatechin derivatives. Cancer Res. 52:3582, 1992.
  23. Wang ZY, Khan WA, Bickers DR, et al. Protection against polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced skin tumor initiation in mice by green tea polyphenols. Carcinogenesis. 10:411, 1989.
  24. Conney AH, Wang ZY, Huang MT, et al. Inhibitory effect of green tea on tumorigenesis by chemicals and ultraviolet light. Prev Med. 21:361, 1992.
  25. Katiyar SK, Agarwal R, Wang ZY, et al. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate in Camellia sinensis leaves from Himalayan region of Sikkim: inhibitory effects against biochemical events and tumor initiation in Sencar mouse skin. Nutr Cancer. 18:73, 1992.
  26. Huang MT, Ho CT, Wang ZY, et al. Inhibitory effect of topical application of a green tea polyphenol fraction on tumor initiation and promotion in mouse skin. Carcinogenesis. 13:947, 1992.
  27. Wang ZY, Huang MT, Ferraro T, et al. Inhibitory effect of green tea in the drinking water on tumorigenesis by ultraviolet light and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in the skin of SKH-1 mice. Cancer Res. 52:1162, 1992.
  28. Shi X, Ye J, Leonard SS, et al. Antioxidant properties of (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate and its inhibition of Cr(VI)-induced DNA damage and Cr(IV)- or TPA-stimulated NF-kappaB activation. Mol Cell Biochem. 206:125, 2000.
  29. Stratton SP, Dorr RT, Alberts DS. The state-of-the-art in chemoprevention of skin cancer. Eur J Cancer. 36:1292, 2000.
  30. Chung JH, Han JH, Hwang EJ, et al. Dual mechanisms of green tea extract (EGCG)-induced cell survival in human epidermal keratinocytes. FASEB J. 17:1913, 2003.
  31. Katiyar SK, Challa A, McCormick TS, et al. Prevention of UVB-induced immunosuppression in mice by the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate may be associated with alterations in IL-10 and IL-12 production. Carcinogenesis. 20:2117, 1999.
  32. Meeran SM, Mantena SK, Elmets CA, et al. (-)- Epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents photocarcinogenesis in mice through interleukin-12-dependent DNA repair. Cancer Res. 66:5512, 2006.
  33. Katiyar SK, Bergamo BM, Vayalil PK, et al. Green tea polyphenols: DNA photodamage and photoimmunology. J Photochem Photobiol B. 65:109, 2001.
  34. Vayalil PK, Mittal A, Hara Y, et al. Green tea polyphenols prevent ultraviolet light-induced oxidative damage and matrix metalloproteinases expression in mouse skin. J Invest Dermatol. 122:1480, 2004.
  35. Awadalla HI, Ragab MH, Bassuoni MW, et al. A pilot study of the role of green tea use on oral health. Int J Dent Hyg. 9:110, 2011.
  36. Katiyar S, Elmets CA, Katiyar SK. Green tea and skin cancer: photoimmunology, angiogenesis and DNA repair. J Nutr Biochem. 18:287, 2007.
  37. Pazyar N, Feily A, Kazerouni A. Green tea in dermatology. Skinmed. 10:352, 2012.
  38. Tzellos TG, Sardeli C, Lallas A, et al. Efficacy, safety and tolerability of green tea catechins in the treatment of external anogenital warts: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 25:345, 2011.
  39. Pajonk F, Riedisser A, Henke M, et al. The effects of tea extracts on proinflammatory signaling. BMC Med. 4:28, 2006.
  40. Elsaie ML, Abdelhamid MF, Elsaaiee LT, et al. The efficacy of topical 2% green tea lotion in mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 8:358, 2009.
  41. Rasheed A, Shama SN, Joy JM, et al. Formulation and evaluation of herbal anti-acne moisturizer. Pak J Pharm Sci. 25:867, 2012.
  42. Tatti S, Stockfleth E, Beutner KR, et al. Polyphenon E: a new treatment for external anogenital warts. Br J Dermatol. 162:176, 2010.
  43. Jung MK, Ha S, Son JA, et al. Polyphenon-60 displays a therapeutic effect on acne by suppression of TLR2 and IL-8 expression via down-regulating the ERK1/2 pathway. Arch Dermatol Res. 304:655, 2012.
  44. Mahmood T, Akhtar N, Moldovan C. A comparison of the effects of topical green tea and lotus on facial sebum control in healthy humans. Hippokratia. 17:64, 2013.
  45. Meltzer SM, Monk BJ, Tewari KS. Green tea catechins for treatment of external genital warts. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 200:233.e1, 2009.
  46. Gross G, Meyer KG, Pres H, et al. A randomized, double-blind, four-arm parallel-group, placebo-controlled Phase II/III study to investigate the clinical efficacy of two galenic formulations of Polyphenon E in the treatment of external genital warts. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 21:1404, 2007.
  47. Wu KM, Ghantous H, Birnkrant DB. Current regulatory toxicology perspectives on the development of herbal medicines to prescription drug products in the United States. Food Chem Toxicol. 46:2606, 2008.
  48. Chen ST, Dou J, Temple R, et al. New therapies from old medicines. Nat Biotechnol. 26:1077, 2008.
  49. Tatti S, Swinehart JM, Thielert C, et al. Sinecatechins, a defined green tea extract, in the treatment of external anogenital warts: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol. 111:1371, 2008.
  50. Gross G. Polyphenon E. A new topical therapy for condylomata acuminate. Hautarzt. 59:31, 2008.
  51. Hoy SM. Polyphenon E 10% ointment: in immunocompetent adults with external genital and perianal warts. Am J Clin Dermatol. 13:275, 2012.
  52. Stockfleth E, Meyer T. The use of sinecatechins (polyphenon E) ointment for treatment of external genital warts. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 12:783, 2012.
  53. Stockfleth E, Beti H, Orasan R, et al. Topical Polyphenon E in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts: a randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 158:1329, 2008.
  54. Ahn WS, Yoo J, Huh SW, et al. Protective effects of green tea extracts (polyphenon E and EGCG) on human cervical lesions. Eur J Cancer Prev. 12:383, 2003.
  55. Berman B, Wolf J. The role of imiquimod 3.75% cream in the treatment of external genital warts. Skin Therapy Lett. 17:5, 2012.
  56. Tyring SK. Sinecatechins: effects on HPV-induced enzymes involved in inflammatory mediator generation. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 5:19, 2012.
  57. Tyring SK. Effect of sinecatechins on HPV-activated cell growth and induction of apoptosis. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 5:34, 2012.
  58. De Oliveira A, Adams SD, Lee LH, et al. Inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 with the modified green tea polyphenol palmitoyl-epigallocatechin gallate. Food Chem Toxicol. 52:207, 2013.
  59. Isaacs CE, Wen GY, Xu W, et al. Epigallocatechin gallate inactivates clinical isolates of herpes simplex virus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 52:962, 2008.
  60. Hartjen P, Frerk S, Hauber I, et al. Assessment of the range of the HIV-1 infectivity enhancing effect of individual human semen specimen and the range of inhibition of EGCG. AIDS Res Ther. 9:2, 2012.
  61. Shin WJ, Kim YK, Lee KH, et al. Evaluation of the antiviral activity of a green tea solution as a hand-wash disinfectant. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 76:581, 2012.
  62. Hsu S, Dickinson D, Borke J, et al. Green tea polyphenol induces caspase 14 in epidermal keratinocytes via MAPK pathways and reduces psoriasiform lesions in the flaky skin mouse model. Exp Dermatol. 16:678, 2007.
  63. Zhao JF, Zhang YJ, Jin XH, et al. Green tea protects against psoralen plus ultraviolet A-induced photochemical damage to skin. J Invest Dermatol. 113:1070, 1999.
  64. Kwon OS, Han JH, Yoo HG, et al. Human hair growth enhancement in vitro by green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Phytomedicine. 14:551, 2007.
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  66. Kim HK, Chang HK, Baek SY, et al. Treatment of atopic dermatitis associated with Malassezia sympodialis by green tea extracts bath therapy: a pilot study. Mycobiology. 40:124, 2012.
  67. Hirasawa M, Takada K, Makumura M, et al. Improvement of periodontal status by green tea catechin using a local delivery system: a clinical pilot study. J Periodontal Res. 37:433, 2002.
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  69. Horiba N, Maekawa Y, Ito M, et al. A pilot study of Japanese green tea as a medicament: antibacterial and bactericidal effects. J Endod. 17:122, 1991.
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  71. Ferzil G, Patel M, Phrsai N, et al. Reduction of facial redness with resveratrol added to topical product containing green tea polyphenols and caffeine. J Drugs Dermatol. 12:770, 2013.
  72. Isbrucker RA, Edwards JA, Wolz E, et al. Safety studies on epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) preparations. Part 2: dermal, acute and short-term toxicity studies. Food Chem Toxicol. 44:636, 2006.
  73. Wijeratne MA, Anandacoomaraswamy A, Amarathunga MSKLD, et al. Assessment of impact of climate change on productivity of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plantations in Sri Lanka. J Natn Sci Foundation Sri Lanka. 35:119, 2007.
  74. Farris P. Idebenone, green tea, and Coffeeberry extract: new and innovative antioxidants. Dermatol Ther. 20:322, 2007.
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  76. Dvorakova K, Dorr RT, Valcic S, et al. Pharmacokinetics of the green tea derivative, EGCG, by the topical route of administration in mouse and human skin. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 43:331, 1999.
  77. Bianchi A, Marchetti N, Scalia S. Photodegradation of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in topical cream formulations and its photostabilization. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 56:692, 2011.
  78. Silva AR, Seidl C, Furusho AS, et al. In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of commercial green tea extracts in UV protection. Int J Cosmet Sci. 35:69, 2013.
  79. Wei H, Zhang X, Zhao JF, et al. Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide and inhibition of ultraviolet light-induced oxidative DNA damage by aqueous extracts from green and black teas. Free Radic Biol Med. 26:1427, 1999.
  80. Hunt KJ, Hung SK, Ernst E. Botanical extracts as anti-aging preparations for the skin: a systematic review. Drugs Aging. 27:973, 2010.
  81. Elbling L, Weiss RM, Teufelhofer O, et al. Green tea extract and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, the major tea catechin, exert oxidant but lack antioxidant activities. FASEB J. 19:807, 2005.
  82. Yusuf N, Irby C, Katiyar SK, et al. Photoprotective effects of green tea polyphenols. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 23:48, 2007.
  83. Wang ZY, Agarwal R, Bickers DR, et al. Protection against ultraviolet B radiation-induced photocarcinogenesis in hairless mice by green tea polyphenols. Carcinogenesis. 12:1527, 1991.
  84. Gensler HL, Timmermann BN, Valcic S, et al. Prevention of photocarcinognesis by topical administration of pure epigallocatechin gallate isolated from green tea. Nutr Cancer. 26:325, 1996.
  85. Khan WA, Wang ZY, Athar M, et al. Inhibition of the skin tumorigenicity of (+/-)-7 beta,8 alpha-dihydroxy-9 alpha,10 alpha-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene by tannic acid, green tea polyphenols and quercetin in Sencar mice. Cancer Lett. 42:7, 1988.
  86. Mittal A, Piyathilake C, Hara Y, et al. Exceptionally high protection of photocarcinogenesis by topical application of (-)- epigallocatechin-3-gallate in hydrophilic cream in SKH-1 hairless mouse model: relationship to inhibition of UVB-induced global DNA hypomethylation. Neoplasia. 5:555, 2003.
  87. Elmets CA, Singh D, Tubesing K, et al. Cutaneous photoprotection from ultraviolet injury by green tea polyphenols. J Am Acad Dermatol. 44:425, 2001.
  88. Mnich CD, Hoek KS, Virkki LV, et al. Green tea extract reduces induction of p53 and apoptosis in UVB-irradiated human skin independent of transcriptional controls. Exp Dermatol. 18:69, 2009.
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  98. Vayalil PK, Elmets CA, Katiyar SK. Treatment of green tea polyphenols in hydrophilic cream prevents UVB-induced oxidation of lipids and proteins, depletion of antioxidant enzymes and phosphorylation of MAPK proteins in SKH-1 hairless mouse skin. Carcinogenesis. 24:927, 2003.
  99. Sevin A, Oztaş P, Senen D, et al. Effects of polyphenols on skin damage due to ultraviolet A rays: an experimental study on rats. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 21:650, 2007.
  100. Cheon YW, Tark KC, Kim YW. Better survival of random pattern skin flaps through the use of epigallocatechin gallate. Dermatol Surg. 38:1835, 2012.
  101. Katiyar SK, Matsui MS, Elmets CA, et al. Polyphenolic antioxidant (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea reduces UVB-induced inflammatory responses and infiltration of leukocytes in human skin. Photochem Photobiol. 69:148, 1999.
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  103. Katiyar SK, Afaq F, Perez A, et al. Green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate treatment of human skin inhibits ultraviolet radiation-induced oxidative stress. Carcinogenesis. 22:287, 2001.
  104. Chiu AE, Chan JL, Kern DG, et al. Double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of green tea extracts in the clinical and histologic appearance of photoaging skin. Dermatol Surg. 31:855, 2005.
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Green tea plant imagefrom: Pro QueeNia, CC BY-SA 4.0

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